The club was formed by workers at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich in 1886.
It was originally known as Dial Square and was so called because the
founders hailed from a workshop of the same name. Dial Square got its
name from the sundial over the entrance to the workshop. Included in the
founding group were two former Nottingham Forest players, one of whom
Fred Beardsley, wrote to his old club seeking help. They responded with
a full set of red jerseys and a ball.
The club was known as the "Woolwich Reds" by its fans although its official
title was Woolwich Arsenal.
Arsenal were the first team in London to turn professional and the first
Southern team to join the Football League. The club played at several
venues in their early years including Plumstead Common and Manor Field
They also played at the Invicta ground, owned by George Weaver of the
Weaver Mineral Water Company, until an increase in the rent following
Arsenals' election to Division Two in 1893 resulted in the club moving
back to Manor Field. In 1896 the club played a league fixture and an FA
Cup tie on the same day; the reserves beat Leyton 5-0 in the Cup and the
first team lost 0-8 to Loughborough. In 1904 the club was promoted to
Division One.
The clubs progress was halted however, as a direct result of the Boer
War. The extra work required as a result of the War meant that the workers
had less time and energy to devote to the club. Added to this were high
mortgage repayments for the club and low attendances. The end result of this process
was liquidation.
Henry Norris, M.P. a Fulham director proposed a merger between Woolwich
Arsenal and Fulham but permission was refused by the authorities. In 1913
the club were relegated after winning only one home game all season -
This is the only time in their history that Arsenal have been relegated.
The next season saw the club at a new ground, Highbury. The move was
not without opposition as the local professional teams Tottenham and Clapton
Orient did not want the competition, and the local residents and Islington
Borough Council were unhappy about the prospective disruption that would
ensue from having another club in their midst.
Woolwich Arsenal now became "The Arsenal", a name that lasted until 1927
when they became less pompous and dropped the "The". Arsenal's first match
at Highbury took place on September 6th 1918 when they played Leicester
Fosse. In 1919 Arsenal were controversially elected to the expanded First
Division, precedent suggested that Tottenham should have retained their
place in the new set-up. However the machinations of Henry Norris meant
the new place was awarded to Arsenal instead. As a result Arsenal are
the only club with continuous membership of the top division since 1919
and they are the only league club not to have been promoted on playing
merit.
The 1930's brought Arsenal's first golden era.
Under the management of the great Herbert Chapman the club won the League
Championship on five occasions and the F.A. Cup twice.
In 1932 London Underground acknowledged the clubs importance when it
renamed Gillespie Road Station as Arsenal Station (now just Arsenal).
A later period of success saw the club achieve the League and Cup double
in 1971 - only the second club this century to achieve this feat.
In 1993 Arsenal completed a different double when they won the F.A. Cup
and League Cup - defeating Sheffield Wednesday on each occasion. More
success followed in 1994 when Arsenal won the European Cup-winners Cup
with a 1-0 victory over Parma. In 1997-98 the double was attained again
as Arsenal won the Premiership title and the F.A. Cup. When Arsenal won
the title in 1997-98 Arsene Wenger became the first foreigner to manage
a championship-winning side.
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